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Water quality Index of waste stabilisation ponds and downstream of discharge point

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dc.contributor.author Gopolang, Obenne Pearl
dc.contributor.author Letshwenyo, Moatlhodi Wise
dc.date.accessioned 2021-09-28T14:12:37Z
dc.date.available 2021-09-28T14:12:37Z
dc.date.issued 2019-08
dc.identifier.citation Gopolang, O. and Letshwenyo, M. (2019) Water quality Index of waste stabilisation ponds and downstream of discharge point. Journal of Environmental Protection, 10, 993-1005. doi: 10.4236/jep.2019.108059. en_US
dc.identifier.issn 2152-2219
dc.identifier.issn 2152-2197
dc.identifier.uri http://repository.biust.ac.bw/handle/123456789/361
dc.description.abstract Water quality index has been used in various researches for the assessment of water quality for various uses and discharges into the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality index of the effluent from waste stabilisation ponds and 400 m beyond discharge point. This was achieved by evaluating concentrations of seven parameters from soil, eleven physiochemical parameters from effluent and four microbiological parameters. Corresponding water quality indices calculated from microbiological parameters were 854, 142, 96 and 1539 respectively, at sites 1, 2, 3 and 4. Reductions of magnesium, zinc, lead, sodium adsorption ratio, sodium and electrical conductivity in soil samples at site 4 were 15.5%, 57%, 81.6%, 93.5%, 93.5% and 99% respectively. The percentage increases were 21.4% and 185% respectively, for calcium and iron ions. It can be concluded that the water quality index of the waste stabilisation ponds is unsuitable for discharge into the environment. However, the results revealed improved quality downstream of discharge point. en_US
dc.description.sponsorship This work was funded by Botswana International University of Science and Technology through grant initiation programme [grant number 10/2016]. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Scientific Research Publishing Inc. en_US
dc.subject Microbiological parameters en_US
dc.subject Physiochemical parameters en_US
dc.subject Sodium absorption ratio en_US
dc.subject Soil sampling en_US
dc.subject Waste stabilization ponds en_US
dc.subject Water quality index en_US
dc.title Water quality Index of waste stabilisation ponds and downstream of discharge point en_US
dc.description.level phd en_US
dc.description.accessibility unrestricted en_US
dc.description.department cee en_US


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