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Surveillance of antibiotic resistance determinants in Gaborone and Palapye wastewater treatment facilities

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dc.contributor.supervisor Rahube, Teddie O.
dc.contributor.author Tapela, Kesego
dc.date.accessioned 2019-02-04T10:44:41Z
dc.date.available 2019-02-04T10:44:41Z
dc.date.issued 2018-02
dc.identifier.citation Tapela, Kesego (2018) Surveillance of antibiotic resistance determinants in Gaborone and Palapye wastewater treatment facilities, Masters Theses, Botswana International University of Science and Technology: Palapye en_US
dc.identifier.uri https://repository.biust.ac.bw/handle/123456789/48
dc.description Theses (MSc-Biological Sciences)----Botswana International University of Science and Technology, 2018 en_US
dc.description.abstract Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) have been globally considered emerging environmental contaminants that pose a serious concern to human health and the ecosystem. The ubiquitous nature of ARB and ARGs among pathogens from wastewater effluents, indicate that wastewater treatment facilities are major reservoirs for antibiotic resistance determinants, thus contributing to the widespread dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The primary objective of the study was to characterize the antibiotic resistance phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of bacterial isolates from Palapye wastewater treatment facility (PWWTF), Gaborone wastewater treatment plant (GWWTP) and the downstream environments receiving effluent wastewater. A detailed analysis was conducted with respect to the characterization and quantification of bacterial populations (including ARB) in wastewater influent, effluent and downstream environment. Culture dependent and independent approaches were used to determine occurrence, abundance and diversity of the ARB and ARGs in samples of wastewater influent, effluent and downstream environment. The bacterial concentration ranged between 2.1x102CFU/mL-4.2x1011CFU/mL in PWWTF and downstream samples, and between 1.00x101CFU/mL-1.4x108CFU/mL in GWWTP and downstream samples. The study also detected higher frequencies of potentially pathogenic ARB; Staphylococcus species, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas species, Brucella species, Salmonella species, Listeria species and Campylobacter species, and ARGs to clinically relevant antibiotics; tetA (tetracycline), mphA (macrolides), strB (streptomycin), sul1 (sulphonamide), dfr (trimethoprim) and int1 (mobile ARG cassette) in the samples. Metagenomic analysis of downstream environment of PWWTF also revealed diversity and abundance of bacterial populations belonging to major phyla Cyanobacteria (37%), Proteobacteria (35%), Firmicutes (14%) and the Bacteroidetes (11%). Conclusively, GWWTP had more occurrence and diversity of ARB and ARGs than PWWTF. Taken together the results suggest accumulation of antibiotic resistance determinants in wastewater treatment facilities and subsequent release into the downstream environment, particularly water sources. This research is critical in the development of new water quality monitoring schemes and implementation of policies on the use of effluent and contaminated water particularly for irrigation purposes in Botswana. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Botswana International University of Science and Technology en_US
dc.subject Antibiotic resistance en_US
dc.subject Antibiotic resistance genes en_US
dc.subject Wastewater treatment en_US
dc.subject Bacteriophage en_US
dc.subject Genotypes en_US
dc.subject Phenotypes en_US
dc.subject Gaborone en_US
dc.subject Palapye en_US
dc.subject Botswana en_US
dc.title Surveillance of antibiotic resistance determinants in Gaborone and Palapye wastewater treatment facilities en_US
dc.description.level msc en_US
dc.description.accessibility unrestricted en_US
dc.description.department bsb en_US


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